PHYS 212 Study Guide for Unit I (Thermodynamics)
The purpose of the study guide is to point out the most important terms, concepts, and principles.
It is not an all inclusive panacea. The study guide is not a replacement for your lecture note and/or you text book. Please review you notes and at least the end of the chapter summaries. You should also review sample problems done in the lecture as well as in the book You should also review your homework and recommended problems. The course emphasizes problem solving.
Chapter19 : Temperature, Heat, the 0th and 1st law of Thermodynmaics, Thermal Expansion, and Means of Heat Transfer
Be able to:
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Define temperature and heat clearly in terms of random molecular (atomic} motion. |
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Convert Fahrenheit form to Celsius and vice versa temperature scale readings. |
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Convert oF and oC to K and vice versa |
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Convert calories to Joules and vice versa |
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State the 0th Law of Thermodynamics. |
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Understand the relationship between thermal equilibrium and temperature |
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Solve problems related to calorimetry using the fact that heat lost by the hot object is gained by the cold object. . |
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State the First Law of Thermodynamics in words and mathematically. |
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State how the 1st law of thermo differs from the low of conservation of energy. |
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State the thermodynamic related contributions of Count Rumford and James Joule |
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Define the terms: calorie, specific heat, molar specific heat,latent heat of fusion |
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State the three means of heat transfer and explain how they are incorporated in the design of a thermos bottle. |
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Explain why sea breezes blow from sea to land during a hot summer day and from land to sea in a cool night. Extend your reasoning to monsoon rains and mountain and valley breezes. |
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Explain how some devices such as thermometers; thermostats, etc utilize thermal expansion. |
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Be able to define absolute zero |
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Calculate length, area, and volume expansion of solids. |
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Calculate the volume expansion of fluids |
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State some good applications and some bad consequences of thermal expansion. |
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Water expands as it freezes what are some bad and good consequences of this phenomenon, |
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List the means of heat trafer |
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Explain how a thermos bottle works |
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Exaplain why the breeze is from sea to lan during a hot summer day aand laand to sea aat night |
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Define or express Avogador's Number, The ideal gas constant, Boltzman Constant |
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Distinguiss between a mole and a moleccule |
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Use the 1st Law in PV diagrams |
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Define the processes:Quasi static, isothermal , isochoric, isobaric, adiabatic, cyclic |
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Calculate work done by an ideal gas undergoing an isothermal , isobaric and /or adiabatic process |
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Calculate the rms speed of molecules given the absolute temperature. |
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State the difference between an ideal and real gas molecules. |
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Be able to obtain Boyle's Law and Charles' law as special cases of the ideal gas law (PV = nRT) |
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State the equipartition of energy theorem and use it to derive expressions for the molar specific heats of monotonic, diatomic and polyatomic gases |
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Be able to derive and state the Dulog-Petit rule and use it to calculate the specific heat (molar and mass) of some metals such as Cu, Al, Pb, Fe, etc at room temperature |
Be able to: Chapter 21: Heat Engines, Entropy and the 2nd Law of Thermodynmaics.
Be able to:
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Define and calculate entropy for a variety of thermodynamic processes. |
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State the second law of thermodynamics in terms of entropy, and in terms of Carnot efficiency |
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State the implications of the 2nd Law of thermodynamics to machines and living organisms as they age. |
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Calculate the Carnot efficiency for heat engines |
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Calculate the coefficient of performance of an ideal refrigerators |
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Calculate the change in entropy of a system. |
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Express entropy in a microscopic scale. |
Here is large list of thermodynamic related web cites